Webliography of Early Music Sources to 1750

Dana Talley

There are, of course, thousands of websites on Early Music. Here are some pages which link to a huge number of sources. There are Biographies, Link Index Pages, MIDI files, MP3 and Real Audio files, University Course Outlines and Syllabi, Links to General History of Medieval and Renaissance Period, Information on Instruments, Timelines, and almost anything else you need to study Early Music on the internet. "Early Music" is generally considered to be music written in the Baroque period or earlier (i.e., about 1750 or earlier). There are enough sites which specialize in topics related to music of the Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque periods to warrant many dedicated pages of links, though it should be remembered that sites listed on other link pages, especially commercial sites, also have significant amounts of information pertinent to all periods of music as well.

1. Link Index Pages: (This is Choralnet’s Early Music Page. The web pages listed are not in order of priority.)

Choralnet: the Internet Center for Choral Music—Many early music links.

This is an example of web sites, throughout this webliography, that include pages with many useful links. As this is the first page in the webliography, I will list the links headings and notate all other such pages as a -link index page-.

• Alamire Music Publishers (facsimiles) • American Musicological Society• Associazione Internazionale Studi di Canto Gregriano (Gregorian chant)• Brasilian Early Music (in Portugese) • Early Printed Collections at the British Library • Doctoral Dissertations in Musicology • Early Music America• Early Music electronic mail list • Early Music FAQ • Early Music New York City Early Music Vocal Ensembles • Early Music Women Composers• Fourteenth Century Music Databases • The Gregorian Association• Gregorian Chant • Gregorian Chant Bibliography • Gregorian Chant Notation • Gregorian Chant Primer (tutorial) • Illustrated Guide to Medieval and Renaissance Instruments • on-line reference book for Medieval Studies • Monumenta Musicae Byzantinae • Novitiae Cantus Gregorian Chant Newsletter • The Plainsong and Mediaeval Music Society • Completorium: Polish Earl Music • R&B: Earl Music Links • Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies • Renaissance Liturgical Imprints: A Census • Roger Wagner Center for Choral Studies • Thesaurus Musicarum Italicarum• Thesaurus Musicarum Latinarum • White Mensural Notation

http://www.choralnet.org/related/en_emus.htm

Renaissance and Baroque Music: Written by Dr. Gordon Callon, from Acadia University, with links to his other classes. Fine resource on the following topics: Renaissance Music History, Renaissance General, Renaissance & Baroque Art, Instruments, Baroque Music History, Renaissance Dance, General Reference, Timelines & Chronologies, Bibliographies, Notation, Sources, Online Music Scores to Download, Facsimiles, Iconographic sources, Acadia Earl Music Archive, Score Links, Reference Sources and Resources for Papers, New Grove Dictionary, Seventeenth Century Art, and Online Dictionaries, Glossaries & Encyclopedias. VERY GOOD RESOURCE : - link Index page-

http://plato.acadiau.ca/courses/musi/callon/2233/composer.htm

Musicology: Music History and Composers: For all eras but very useful It includes many links but the most useful for early music are the following: Music History Outline of the classic textbook by Grout & Palisca, Music history outlines are short summaries, biographies, some pictures, Music History overviews including other disciplines (art/artists, political leaders, scientists, philosophers), Ancient Greek music. A concise history with pictures of instruments. -link index page-

http://isbe.accessus.net/~dconrad/musicology.html

The Emory & Henry College Music Department: MUSIC HISTORY MSC 301 [Antiquity to 1750] As always, Emory University covers it all! -link index page-

http://zeeman.ehc.edu/music/301Homepage.html

Music History - Historia de la música: a HUGE amount of Music history links for all eras but many great resources. -link index page.-

http://www.teoria.com/enlaces/lnkComposers.htm

Early Music Network: Dedicated to the support and promotion of early music and historical performance by providing information and services which would benefit and help early music organizations, ensembles and solo musicians (such as free web hosting, instrument exchange, help with organization of concerts, to provide information about education, master classes, etc.). To help the growth of early music community on the web and in every community around the world - Link Index Page –

Classical Net : Biographies, Early Music Concerts & Festivals, Early Music Societies & Organizations, Early Music Databases, Archives & Collections, and Early Music Commercial Sites. – Link Index Page-

http://www.classical.net/music/links/emusic.html

Early Music Links Primarily devoted to recordings - Link Index Page-

http://www.concerto.demon.co.uk/links.html

Early Music List: - Link Index Page- Includes a page that demonstrates the sound of some odd instruments such as old crumhorns.

http://www.wu-wien.ac.at/earlym-l/

SIBELIUS ACADEMY for their Early Music. - Link Index Page-

http://www.siba.fi/Kulttuuripalvelut/early.html

University of Washington For their Early Music. This even includes recipes! The second link is a complete listing of all of their music history pages. - Link Index Page-

http://www.lib.washington.edu/music/early.html

http://www.lib.washington.edu/Music/mushist.html

http://www.earlymusic.net/home.html

Medieval and Renaissance Music: Annotated- Link Index Page

http://www.angelfire.com/mi/spanogle/emusic.html

Early Music, Early Style: 141 links, many of them commercial. - Link Index Page

http://music.cbel.com/Early_Music_Style/?setcols=2

http://www.choralnet.org/related/en_emus.htm

Carnegie Mellon's Hunt Library: Musicology/Music History/Early Music - Link Index Page –

http://www.library.cmu.edu/bySubject/Music/musicology.html

DMOZ: 310 Early music sites. - Link Index Page-

http://dmoz.org/Arts/Music/Styles/Early_Music/

The Renaissance and Baroque Society of Pittsburgh: Early Music Links: in 19 categories - Link Index Page -

http://www.rbsp.org/EMLinks/noframes.shtml

Links Club: Early Music Links: in 25 categories, mostly late Baroque. - Link Index Page -

http://www.rainbowflag.com/homepage/teritowe/linksear.html

VDGSA: Viola da Gamba Society of America - Link Index Page -

http://vdgsa.org/pgs/links.html

Italian Music Resources: - Link Index Page –in Italian

http://directory.google.com/Top/World/Italiano/Arte/Musica/Generi/Musica_Antica/

EDU2 :CLASSICAL MUSIC: All eras. -link index page- everything from dissertations on Baroque music to links. MANY sub-pages of links.

http://www.my-edu2.com/EDU/music7.htm

Digital Librarian: a librarian's choice of the best of the Web -link index page- Medieval and Renaissance Studies.

http://www.digital-librarian.com/medieval.html

Ancient History Links: -link index page- On History NOT Music History These free multimedia history lessons examine the events of history that shaped our modern world.

http://members.tripod.com/jaydambrosio/links.html

Medieval History: This is a web site that shows how a person in the middle ages might have lived. Topics include: Alcohol of the Middle Ages, Architecture Barbarian Tribes, Black Death, Famine & Plagues, Byzantine Era, Calendars & Book of Hours, The Carolingians, Castles, Chivalry, Church & Religion, Costumes, Clothing & Textiles, Crusades, Culture, Daily Life, Documents, Economics, Festivals, Food, Fuedalism & Manorialism, Guilds or Gilds, Heretics, Images, Jewish Religion & Jews, King Arthur. The Holy Grail & Merlin, Law & MagnaCarta, Literature, Magic, Math, Medicine, Monastaries, Music Musicians & Instruments, Norman Conquest, Philosophy, Population, Punishments, Printing Press & Johann Gutenberg, Runes, Social Classes, Slave Trade & Slave Laws, Taxes & Tithes, Technology Science & Inventions, Terms, Time Lines, Trivia, Vikings, Wars & Revolts, and Witchcraft. -link index page-

http://members.aol.com/TeacherNet/Medieval.html

Musicology and Music History: Indiana University, School of Music. Articles, Library resources, and Internet links. -Link index page-

http://www.music.indiana.edu/music_resources/mcology.html

Religion and Music: Wabash Center; Guide to Internet resources for teaching and learning theology and Religion. Generally, this is a site of all eras including early music and Gregorian chant from Princeton University. Library, sources, etc. -link index page-

http://www.wabashcenter.wabash.edu/Internet/music.htm#syllabi

2. Real Audio and MP3 pages: These are web pages that stream actual recordings. Some are excerpts and others are long compositions. The first gives all the musical examples from the Norton Anthology and more. From these web pages alone there are all the listening examples you need for the Nyack Music 217 course.

MUSIC 20 ONLINE: by Professor Norman E. Smith, Penn University, This is audio examples for a wonderful Music History Online course with 51 musical compositions written in the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, and the Baroque. Recordings of 25 of these compositions are found in The Norton Recordings and 26 SUPPLEMENTARY COMPOSITIONS, 5 EXAMPLES OF MUSICAL TEXTURES, 3 EXAMPLES OF PRE-NOTRE DAME POLYPHONY, ADDITIONAL COMPOSITIONS FOR LISTENING. REAL AUDIO FORMAT

http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/music/music20/index.html

Hesperus: Commercial site with some fine Real Audio Streaming. Musical examples from eight centuries of music. Innovative, historically-Informed, and multi-cultural. http://www.hesperus.org/

Art and Early Music: A gallery of pictures for of the Medieval era. This includes pictures of early instruments and 15 second examples in Real Audio format of how they sound.

http://www-ceb.bo.infn.it/meneghini/icon/iconog1.htm

NBCi: In Spanish, Bio of Monteverdi with two Real Audio Examples of his music. Links to other composers, as well.

http://members.nbci.com/epdlp/monteverdi.html

Renaissance Consort: Very short Real Audio clips of Renaissance instruments. http://www.hike.te.chiba-u.ac.jp/cons1/

New Sounds Live: Znamenny Chant from NPR. A live concert from Merkin Hall. 43 minutes of Real Audio Format with commentary. (13^th Century)+ (4 other programs that are not early music)

http://www.wnyc.org/new/music/NewSoundsLive/WFSM050801.html

WWNORTON: Real Audio example and short Bio from Norton CD’s. This one is on Dufay. You can use the same link and just substitute the name of the <composer.htm> at the end to see and hear their entire collection.

http://www.wwnorton.com/classical/composers/dufay.htm

Empfehlungen: Commercial site with 21 Real Audio Examples.

http://www3.mediantis.de/music/advise/articleview.html?clientName=eprofessional&ean=0724354545825

The Winchester Cathedral Choir: The Choir of Winchester Cathedral is recognized as one of Britain's leading Cathedral choirs. 6 very good RealAudio samples.

http://www.hyperion-records.co.uk/artists/winchester.html

Cantus Angelicus; Commercial site with 10 Real Audio examples of their music.

http://cantusangelicus.org/

Classic: Vokalmusik geistlich: Commercial site with 25 short examples in Real Audio format of Tomas Louis de Victoria.

http://www.jpc.de/jpcdb/frames/jpcset.html?hnum=6601379&iampartner=pdm&maktion=artikel&msparte=klassik&language=de

MEDIEVAL MUSIC: Georgian church and folk music XII c. performed by MARKELL'S VOICES choir; Very beautiful in MP3 streaming files.

http://www.sol.ru/Culture/Djembe/index_e.htm

Rondellus: Commercial site, Fine MP3 files of the following composers: Guillaume Du Fay, Jacob Arcadelt, Hildegard of Bingen, and 3 chant examples.

http://www.rondellus.ee/html/samples.html

DoveSong: Positive music, MP3 Libraries of many eras with a great deal of Early Music. Some very good examples.

http://www.dovesong.com/positive_music/archives/renaissance/Josquin.asp

Giulio Caccini: Amarilli mia bella in MP3 format

http://www.aurel.de/mp3/caccini.htm

John Dowland's Lute Fretting: How the music was written, the kind of frets, music theory from the era, and MP3 files.

http://www.ixpres.com/interval/monzo/fngrbds/dowland/dowland.htm

SearchMP3.Com: Three MP3 files, two by Bach and one by Dowland. You can follow the website to search for many more.

http://www.searchmpthree.com/artistmusic.asp?ia=766

MP3 Mamma: MP3 files from many eras. Large library search engine.

http://mp3mamma.com/en/cls_list.html

3. MIDI Pages: These pages, some have a thousand entries, play compositions on your computer sound card or keyboard. To hear them properly you have to set your keyboard to a General MIDI setting and they will only sound as good as the samples you have loaded into the keyboard or computer. They are small files and thousands could fit on one floppy disk if you download them.

The Classical Archives. MIDI files. 773 compositions from 170 composers of early music. These play with your sound card and are only as good as the sound card or keyboard you are using. (The complete collection includes over 1000 composers from every era). They have tried to have examples from all the composers listed in the Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music (4th Ed.).

http://www.classicalarchives.com/early.html

Examples from the above page for Vitry, Machaut, Josquin, and Willaert.

http://www.classical.net/music/comp.lst/vitry.html http://www.classical.net/music/comp.lst/machaut.html http://www.classical.net/music/comp.lst/josquin.html http://www.classical.net/music/comp.lst/acc/willaert.html

Completorivm: MIDI Collections: Vocal, Middle Ages, Lute, Keyboard, Christmas Carols, and Psalms. http://zeus.polsl.gliwice.pl/~jarczyk//early/music.htm

NBCi: The background MIDI files used throughout their Mostly Medieval programs. They are listed with the song title, composer, file size, and other information where available. http://members.nbci.com/SkellieSue/midi.htm

Early Music on Midi: Many MIDI files and four MP3 files of Lute, Guitar, and Flute.

http://www.albany.net/~dowland/sound.html

Crumhorn Home Page: How to make, play, and hear a crumhorn. MIDI files of compositions and many links.

http://members.iinet.net.au/~nickl/crumhorn.html

Claudio Monteverdi: Bio and MIDI files.

http://www.geocities.com/Vienna/4440/claudio.html

Early Music: MIDI files and Bios of the following: LASSO, MONTEVERDI, CAVALLI , CAMPRA, MONTECLAIR , and HÄNDEL plus LINKS and HISTORIC COSTUMES

http://www.geocities.com/Vienna/4440/

David Belluci: MIDI page and - Link Index Page –

http://www.dada.it/musicbox/midi.html

Chant MIDI files: These are MIDI files of (mostly) Gregorian Chants created by Richard Lee using NoteWorthy Composer.

http://comp.uark.edu/~rlee/midi/

Harpsichord connections: A collection of MIDI files. Their goal is to gather all the harpsichord midi files around the net, or at least provide a link to them.

http://home5.swipnet.se/~w-54870/midi.html

English Baroque: A collection of MIDI files from early English composers.

http://members.ozemail.com.au/~davcooke/abbey.htm

Classical Musical Midi page: MIDI files and Bio of Josquin Des Pres

http://www.classicalmidi.gothere.uk.com/pres.htm

John Sankey: MIDI page and bio of William Byrd. Many selections!

http://www.midiworld.com/mw_byrd.htm

From the Mulliner Book: MIDI page. The Mulliner Book was a workbook of keyboard pieces compiled by an unknown English organist in the mid 16th century. English pipe organs at that time were simpler than those on the continent, with few stops, sometimes a second manual, but very rarely a pedal board, plus consort music for viols.

http://members.ozemail.com.au/~davcooke/mulliner.htm

The Internet Renaissance Band: Early music MIDI files.

http://www.csupomona.edu/~jcclark/emusic/

Music Theory Online: By Roger Wibberley, Goldsmiths University of London, Music Theory of Early Music with MIDI examples.

http://boethius.music.ucsb.edu/mto/issues/mto.96.2.5/mto.96.2.5.wibberley.html

Chansons Polyphoniques: MIDI files of the following composers: ANONYMES , GILLES BINCHOIS ,BAUDE CORDIER . GUILLAUME DUFAY , JOHN DUNSTABLE , PIERRE FONTAINE , GROSSIN , RICHARD LOQUEVILLE ,ARNOLD DE LANTINS , JACOPIN SELESSES , JACQUES VIDE.

http://perso.club-internet.fr/brassy/PartMed/Chans15/ChansXV.html

The home site, in French, with maps, and historical background of the composers:

http://www.multimania.com/cbrass/histoire/Texte/chansXV.html

The Keyboard Music of William Byrd: All the keyboard music of Byrd in MIDI format.

http://www.sankey.ws/byrd.html

History of Classical Music: All eras, short bios and a MIDI example of some. Not very extensive.

http://www.crosswinds.net/~musichistory/hist/mainmenu.html

THE CYBER HYMNAL: This site has over 2,900 Christian hymns and Gospel songs from many denominations. You’ll find lyrics, scores, MIDI files, pictures, history, and more. Early Music, Composers, through the 20^th century.

http://www.cyberhymnal.org/index.htm#lk

An example from above website for Heinrich Isaac

http://www.cyberhymnal.org/bio/i/s/isaac_h.htm

Repertorio: In Italian. MIDI files of a few composers.

http://catab.ifa.rm.cnr.it/coro/repertorio.html

The same pieces with individual parts played (Soprano, Alto, Tenor, Bass)

http://catab.ifa.rm.cnr.it/coro/

Luca Marenzio: Who was one of the finest Madrigalists of the 16^th century. This page is in Italian with many MIDI file examples.

http://space.tin.it/musica/mbizzari/

Gesualdo.Com: In Italian. Midi files, info, and links about Gesualdo.

Spanish Early Music MIDI Files: SEQUENCED BY F. VILLANUEVA
SITE MANTAINED WITH THE COLLABORATION OF CHARLES K. MOSS. Many composers and sacred and instrumental music. Well over 100 selections.

http://classicalmus.hispeed.com/paco/index.html

An example from the above web site:

TOMES LUIS DE VICTORIA: Bio and many MIDI files.

http://classicalmus.hispeed.com/paco/victoria.html

4. Sheet Music: Free sheet music on the web; some in very good PDF format.

Music I have transcribed: Hundreds early music composers, many madrigals, especially from England in PDF format and MIDI files for downloading.

http://world.std.com/~lconrad/music-publish.html

Sheetmusiconline: Free PDF files. This one is Arcadelt.

http://sheetmusiconline.net/Domain_Music/Choral/Arcadelt_Jacob/

An example from the above site: William Byrd Choral Sheet Music:

http://sheetmusiconline.net/Domain_Music/Choral/Byrd_William/

Free Sheet Music Archive: The Recorder Archive, Tons of free sheet music for Recorded (Flute) and other instruments.

http://www.musicaviva.com/recorder/index.tpl#solo

Free sheet music: This example is Heinrich Isaac’s, “Ach, meydlein rein”, with free sheet music and a MIDI file so you can hear it.

http://www.musicaviva.com/ensemble/rv/music.tpl?filnavn=ach-meydlein-rein

An additional example: Cipriano de Rore: “Ancor, che col partire”

http://www.musicaviva.com/ensemble/rv/music.tpl?filnavn=rore-anchor&pageno=3

And one more example: Weelkes: “The Nightingale”

http://www.musicaviva.com/ensemble/rv/music.tpl?filnavn=weelkes-nightingale

Free Choral Sheet Music: Heinrich Schutz

http://sheetmusiconline.net/Domain_Music/Choral/Schutz_Heinrich/

5. College Courses and Outlines of the Grout text: College syllabi of early music courses, other resources from colleges. Please look as well at the -link index pages- above.

Music History Resources: This page is not intended as a stand-alone account of Western musical history, but rather as an aid to assist students using one of the standard music history texts (in particular, the Grout/Palisca volume). An extensive outline and timelines.

http://satellite-one.net/musicology/

REVIEW - Grout/Palisca: Chapter reviews by Dr. Warfield. Substitute the number between Grout and review in the following link to see all chapters. IE: <Grout?review>

http://web.centre.edu/~warfield/Music21/music21Grout5review.html

Early Music: A text summary of clickable maps. 195 different charts, as many as 250 embedded definitions. San Diego State University (for their Music 345 class)

http://trumpet.sdsu.edu/M345/knowledge_webs/3Early_MusicN/__3EarlyMusic.htm

Early European Music: Wonderful pictures of early instruments from San Diego State University, for their Music 151 class). (You could search for more pages from the general SDU music site).

http://trumpet.sdsu.edu/M151/Early_European_Music1.html

University of Toronto: Centre for Research in Early English Drama. Sub-page headings: Records of Early English Drama, "All the World's a Stage", WWW Links for Theatre History and Early Music, Mediaeval and Early Modern Theatre, Shakespeare, Early Music, and Dance.

http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~reed/stage.html

Vanderbilt University: They have many web pages that augment their music history curriculum. Here are a few examples. The site is password protected, however, if you search for the course number and insert it, new pages will appear.

Selected Early Music Links: Secular Monophony and Courtly Love, Women and Early Music, Medieval Culture, Literature, and History, Maps, Source Study Sites, Links, Musicology Sites, and a Syllabus for Music 242.

http://www.vanderbilt.edu/htdocs/Blair/Courses/MUSL242/earlymus.htm

Composer Database: From Stanford University. Short database of composers. The second page is a database of 7000 operas, including librettos. (Early Music through the 20^th century). Ffor example Peri’s “Euridice”.

http://ccrma-www.stanford.edu/~cnichols/html/composers/Composers.html

http://rick.stanford.edu/opera/main.html

MUSIC 322: Outline of the second half of Music 322 by Dr. Dane Kusic, University of Maryland. (Late Baroque)

http://www.research.umbc.edu/~dkusic1/99TimetableFebruary322.htm

Music 321: Earlier references in outline format by the same author.

http://www.research.umbc.edu/~dkusic1/TimetableNovember321.htm You can take the above link and substitute October or September, etc. in the link for more of the outline.

Arto Wikla's Early Music Pages: The Lute, treatises, bibliographies, theory, and articles from Helsinki University. http://www.cs.helsinki.fi/u/wikla/music.html

Composers of the Pre-Classical Music Period: List of composers from Baylor University. http://hsb.baylor.edu/html/vanauken/PreclassicalComposers.html

Music History I: By Prof. Chris Brunt of Millsap College: Complete Syllabus of Ancient music to the Renaissance: Detailed Course Syllabus, Listening Guide, Handouts, Plainsong Chant, Mass, Offices, Gregorian Chant, Latin Text Translations, Transition to the Renaissance, Renaissance Terms, Renaissance Period Masterworks, Renaissance Anthems, Important Renaissance Composers, Counter-Reformation Composers, English Cathedral Composers, Late Renaissance Mannerism, Landmark Dates in Music History, and Research Resources.

http://home.millsaps.edu/~bruntcs/musichistory/

Internet Jewish History Sourcebook: From Fordham University: sources and MIDI files of early Jewish Music.

http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/jewish/jewishsbook.html

Internet History Sourcebooks: Also from Fordham University, (the home site of the above): They are collections of public domain and copy-permitted historical texts presented cleanly (without advertising or excessive layout) for educational use. Also included are comprehensive bibliographies, Medieval Europe, The Crusades, Byzantine History, Western Civilization I: to 1715, Guide to Byzantine and Medieval Studies on the Internet, the Fordham University Center for Medieval Studies, etc.

http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/

Elmhurst College: Music 343, History and Literature I: Outline and Syllabus.

http://www.elmhurst.edu/~markh/history1/Schedule343.htm#Unit%20I

Baroque Music: (1600 – 1750) by Professor Carole Chardonnay. Outline and articles of the Baroque era for MUSIC 100. Links to the other classes including early music at Orange Coast College.

http://www.occ.cccd.edu/~maestra/music/page9.html

6. Timelines: Obviously some are better than others.

A Chronology of Music Events, (timeline), with some non-musical events thrown in for good measure.(4000 BC to 1651 AD) http://www.onr.com/user/steveh/timeline.htm

Late Middle Ages: Short history timeline of AD 133-1500 with bios.

http://cw.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/masterworks/medialib/timelines/02latemiddleages/latemiddleages.html

Composer Timeline: From Edinboro University.

http://www.edinboro.edu/cwis/music/Cordell/timeline.html

Overview of Music History, UC Davis: All eras but include Forms and Movement Types, Summary, Terms and Links, and Timeline, from each period of music.

http://hector.ucdavis.edu/Handy/histtp.htm

Who What When: Interactive Historical Timeline of composers of all eras.

http://www.sbrowning.com/whowhatwhen/index.php3?bydesc_x=1&desc=composer

TIME LINE OF MAJOR CLASSICAL COMPOSERS: Shows a few from each century, 1300-2000.

http://www.danmansmusic.com/composers.htm

Classicalworks.Com: Good timeline and some links to MP3 files.

http://classicalworks.com/his.pages/1501to1550.htm

Christianity: A Chronology: Very extensive in the Christian era prior to 1453. Sub-pages include: The Apostolic Era, The Early Church, The Church in Germanic Europe, The Church in Eastern Europe, The Church Outside the Roman Empire, and Christian Missions.

http://campus.northpark.edu/history//WebChron/Christianity/Christianity.html

Medieval Europe: (AD 300-1500) second page on General History of the period from the same authors.

http://campus.northpark.edu/history//WebChron/WestEurope/Medieval.html

A Chronological Look at the Evolution of Music in Western Society: Sub-pages: Pre-Christian Times, Early Christian Times, THE ARS ANTIQUA and Early ORGANUM, The Ars Nova, England and the Burgundian Lands, The Early Renaissance, The High Renaissance, and the Baroque.

http://www.stfx.ca/people/jodonnel/115chronology.html

7. Chant: Web pages dedicated to Gregorian and other types of chant. See also the -Link index pages- above.

CANTUS: A database for Latin Ecclesiastical Chant

http://publish.uwo.ca/~cantus/

A database for Gregorian Chant: http://www.uni-regensburg.de/Fakultaeten/phil_Fak_I/Musikwissenschaft/cantus/intro1_en.htm

BYZANTINE MUSIC WEB SITE: BYZANTINE CHANT, BYZANTINE CHANT STUDIES PAGE, by M Y R I O B I B L O S, The E-Text Library of the church of Greece.

http://www.byzantine-music.com/links.html

New Advent Catholic Encyclopedia: Large article on Plainchant.

http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12144a.htm

Gregorian Schola: School at University of Arkansas, links for Gregorian chant, how to sing chant, Gregorian Missal and the Liber Usualis , how to read the music, etc.

http://comp.uark.edu/~rlee/chant.html

Chant Links for the above:

http://comp.uark.edu/~rlee/otherchant.html

Liturgica.Com: Ancient Eastern Orthodox chant. From Introduction to Liturgical Theology, Fr. Alexander Schmemann summarizes the dynamic, motivation, and purpose of the Church in developing its music and chanting in the following section entitled "Chanting and Music" in Medieval Orthodox churches.

http://www.liturgica.com/html/litEOLitMusDev2.shtml

Cantorial Comments: Shirat Hayam- An ancient triumphant song of Jewish victory

http://www.uscj.org/njersey/w-orange/cantor/cantor2000apr.htm

Gregorian chant on the Net: Huge amount of sources.

http://www.schuyesmans.be/gregoriaans/EN/ENnet.htm

Byzantine Music Hymns:

http://www.geocities.com/byzantine_music_hymns/

Byzantine Music Lessons: Nicholas Kastanas text on how to sing and write Byzantine music.

CUNY: Brooklyn College Choir Men singing Byzantine music. http://acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu/~phalsall/sounds/greekch.ra

Byzantine Music Lessons: Notation, especially.

http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Acropolis/3711/lesson1.htm

7. General Pages on Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque Music: The Instruments, (like Recorder and Lute), Culture, Manuscripts, etc.

Rabro’s Home Page: Reading and transcribing white mensural notation and a page on Michael Preatorius.

http://listen.to/early.music/

Medieval Manuscripts: One page showing how the pages were written.

http://www.ced.appstate.edu/intercollege/3850/studwork/medieval/guide/exa/manuscripts/manuscript.htm

Organum: This next page is an example of a second page from the above college and the following is an Index of other pages. http://www.ced.appstate.edu/intercollege/3850/studwork/medieval/guide//

http://www.ced.appstate.edu/intercollege/3850/studwork/medieval/guide/exa/organum.htm

Early Music FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions about Early Music, The web's largest reference for European Medieval and Renaissance music since 1994. What is Early Music?, Chord structure in medieval music, What are hexachords?, composers, harmony, etc…

http://www.medieval.org/emfaq/

The BAROQUE MUSIC Home Page: A wonderful site that has many sources especially regarding the Baroque.

http://www.islandnet.com/~arton/visions.html

Here are three examples from the above page:

Baroque music performance: A discussion of the essential issues involved.

http://www.islandnet.com/~arton/barperf.html

Baroque Composers and Musicians in Historical context, Biographical notes, and Geography:

http://www.islandnet.com/~arton/barcomp.html

Baroque music defined:

http://www.islandnet.com/~arton/bardefn.html

Jaroslav Ilnytskyi. The purpose of this page is to introduce early music primarily in the Ukraine, especially early Christmas carols.

http://omega.icmp.lviv.ua/~iln/earlym.htm

A Guide to Medieval and Renaissance Instruments: Thirty two wonderful pictures and explanations about how manufacture and how they were played..

http://www.s-hamilton.k12.ia.us/antiqua/instrumt.html

Vivien Yarrow: A Brief Introduction to Modes The Church Modes and Early and Traditional European Music

http://clem.mscd.edu/~yarrowp/MODEXh.html

Radio Praha: A brief history of music from a Czech perspective. (In English)

http://www.radio.cz/hudba/renais.html

Women’s Early Music and Recordings: A large resource of women composers.

http://classicalmusic.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http%3A%2F%2Fmusic.acu.edu%2Fwww%2Fiawm%2Fpages%2FEMWomen.html

Recorder Home Page: Everything you want to know about the recorder.

http://members.iinet.net.au/~nickl/technique.html

Recorder Home Page (Australia): ditto http://members.iinet.net.au/~nickl/recorder.html

The John Rylands Library: Music Manuscripts, Staffless Chant, Guido D’Arezzo, Tudor music of Henry VIII, the hexachord fantasy based on the first six notes of the scale, Ut Re Mi Fa Sol La, ascending or descending.

http://rylibweb.man.ac.uk/data1/dg/exhibition/ut_re_mi/utremi1.htm

Saraband: Sub-Pages: Dates of the main composers, What is early music?, Facsimiles, What is a good edition?, Figured Bass, Vibrato: some historical notes, Quotations, Viola da Gamba, etc.

http://www.saraband.com.au/dates.html

Christian History Institute: 20 centuries of church history.

http://www.gospelcom.net/chi/EVENTSF/cnt08.shtml

Composers for the Lute: Very long list of composers, some with bios.

http://www.library.appstate.edu/music/lute/lcomp.html

16th-Century Counterpoint Study Guide: Includes the Use of Accidentals in 16th-Century Style, The Modal System, Melodic Writing and Text Setting, Consonance and Dissonance, Imitative Counterpoint, etc.

http://www-student.furman.edu/users/r/rkelley/16thcent.htm

The Pirandello Lyceum Essays: Essays on Italian subjects including early music, art, and governments.

http://www.pirandello.com/essay.html

American Society of Ancient Instruments: Commercial site of performers in Philadelphia of 17^th century music.

http://www.baroque-asai.org/

Troubadors: In Italian about the 12^th and 13^th centuries, a website about Troubadors

http://www.areacom.it/arte_cultura/duke/troub.htm

A BIBLIOGRAPHY ON CHURCH MUSIC: Sources for study of Church music. From Japan.

http://lowdown.com/~dikaios/English/Biblio/history.htm

The Internet Public Library: Music History 102: A Guide to Western Composers and their Music

http://www.ipl.org/exhibit/mushist/

Outline of Western Music History: Short Outline of all eras.

http://www.jazzvocal.com/outline.html

From Renaissance to Baroque: Art, Music, and Philosophical outlines showing all three areas of study.

http://www.goshen.edu/~aveanikm/music/renaissance.htm#Reinassance%20Sacred

History of musical settings of the Requiem Mass: All Eras: Machaut to the present. (1600 Requiems identified)

http://usrwww.mpx.com.au/~charles/Requiem/history.htm

William Byrd singers: A British Choir but links to all the choirs in Europe! And The Classical Music Web Ring. The Classical Music Web Ring is maintained without charge either to our many users or to 1500 classical music + member sites. (GMN.COM)

http://www.williambyrdsingers.org.uk/

Leslie Clutterham, California State University Los Angeles, a paper on Style Analysis: A Comparison of Byrd's Ave Vrum Corpus with His Sacred Vocal Polyphony via a Quadrant Framework Analysis.

http://www.calstatela.edu/centers/Wagner/byrdcl.htm

Tuning for Beginners: 12 different tuning methods. The diatonic scale, 12 note equal temperament, Meantone temperaments, 5-limit triads, The overtone series, Just intonation, Quarter comma meantone, Equal temperaments, Schismic temperament, Tunings from around the world, The tuning mini-FAQ, history of European tunings and Some books to read.

http://www.cix.co.uk/~gbreed/start.htm

The Diction Domain: How to pronounce many languages both modern and ancient.

http://www.la.unm.edu:8001/~magner/DDmain.html

http://www.stevenestrella.com/composers/

Sacred Music: In the Italian Cinquecento, outside Venice and Rome. Many examples, bios, and links to secular and lute music.

http://www.hoasm.org/IVO/IVOCinquecento.html

This is the home of the above: Fifty years ago, when Deutsche Grammophon started its pioneering Archiv Produktion label devoted to (increasingly authentic) performances of early music, the ambitious plan organized the works that were to be recorded in "Research Periods" and through the early 1970s all recordings on that label were classified according to that scheme.

http://www.hoasm.org/Periods.html

The Lied and song text page: An Archive of Texts to Lieder (Art Songs) and Other Classical Vocal Pieces: 2,345 Composers) 2,554 Poets and 29 Languages and some early composers.

http://www.recmusic.org/lieder/

An example from the web page above:

Giulio Caccini: List of his songs and translations.

http://www.recmusic.org/lieder/c/caccini.html

Compositori importanti nella storia della musica: In Italian, Bios of the top composers for 4 centuries with pictures.

http://web.tiscali.it/cristianoporqueddu/ms600_6.htm

Here Of A Sunday Morning: Pacifica, CA, radio station notes, on many early music composers it has broadcast.

http://www.hoasm.org/Welcome.html

8. Web Pages dedicated to a single composer:

An example of a composer from above. Fabulous English Madrigalist, Weelkes

http://home.sprintmail.com/~cwhent/Weelkes.html

JohnDowland.Com A Website dedicated to his works.

http://www.johndowland.com/

Tomas Luis de Victoria: Paper by Joti Rockwell for Haverford College.

http://navygreen.tripod.com/MusicHistory/id2.html

And one on Guillaume DuFay: Nuper Rosarum Flores

http://navygreen.tripod.com/MusicHistory/id6.html

CARLO GESUALDO BIOGRAFIA: Bio with some pictures, in Italian

http://www.gesualdo.com/ And a second page:

http://digilander.iol.it/prolocogesualdo/biografia.html

Bio in English:

http://www.btinternet.com/~rubberneck/gesualdo.html

Perotin and Notre Dame Organum:

http://www.vanderbilt.edu/htdocs/Blair/Courses/MUSL242/perotin.htm

International Machaut Society:

http://www.vanderbilt.edu/~cyrus/machaut/imslinks.htm#music

John Dunstable and Orlando di Lasso: by the same author

http://www.vanderbilt.edu/Blair/Courses/MUSL242/marwebpg.htm

http://www.vanderbilt.edu/htdocs/Blair/Courses/MUSL242/orlandod.htm

Groves, and The Classical Music Pages: Bio of Monteverdi from Groves Dictionary. The second page is a searchpage for information about music or composers according to: Musical Epoch - Baroque, Classic, etc. Musical Form - Opera, Symphony, String Quartet, etc. Composer's Name, Musical Instruments, Western Music: A Short History , Melody, Harmony, and Rhythm. The third page is an example, again, from the same source, of a bio of Schutz.

http://w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de/cmp/monteverdi.html

http://w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de/cmp/classmus.html

http://w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de/cmp/schutz.html

Littérature médiévale: In French. The music of Adam de la Halle, music manuscripts : this is mostly about medieval literature and the likely related domains, including music, if I understand the French correctly.

http://www.chez.com/littmedievale/Lm001.htm

De Chant et de Ditté Nouvelle: A paper on Machaut.

http://www.uvm.edu/~hag/personal/portfolio/224paper3.html

Excite Web Site Guide: Listing of John Dunstable sources.

http://www.excite.com/guide/entertainment/music/genres/classical_music/composers/medieval/dunstable_john/

The Life and Works of Hildegard von Bingen: From UCSB, Bio, Timeline, Musical examples, -Links index page-, etc.

http://tweedledee.ucsb.edu/~kris/music/Hildegard.html

Hildegard von Bingen: Her lyrics in Latin and English, plus links.

http://irupert.com/HILDEGRD/

Comtessa Beatrice de Dia: Woman composer of circa. 1212, with links to many Early Music Women Composers.

http://music.acu.edu/www/iawm/pages/dia.html

Theatre History.com: Short bio of Hans Sachs.

http://www.theatrehistory.com/german/sachs001.html

Guillaume Dufay: Short outline, bio, and links.

http://utopia.knoware.nl/~jsmeets/cgi-bin/ccd.cgi?comp=dufay

Johannes Ockeghem Home Page: Links and Bibliography of his music.

http://library.ferris.edu/scott/ockeghem.html

Josquin Home Page: Links and bibliography of his music.

http://www.josquin.com/

Orlando di Lasso: Bio and short list of links.

http://www.wvec.k12.in.us/kes/music/dcf98/marishru.html

Jacopo Peri: In Italian. And how he invented Opera.

http://www.lapadania.com/2000/ottobre/06/06102000p11a1.htm

The Life and Music of Claudio Monteverdi: One of many papers by a Cambridge student and musical examples.

http://www.lexcie.zetnet.co.uk/ijm-monteverdi.htm

Monteverdi: From the Internet Public Library

http://wicr.uindy.edu/Education/Composers/MonteverdiC.html

CLAUDIO MONTEVERDI: Life, Music, Recordings, Books, Biographies of Monteverdi's contemporaries, and The Lost Music.

http://www.beforebach.com/

Barbara Strozzi: This web site is devoted to the 17th-century Venetian composer Barbara Strozzi. One of the better-known female composers of the Baroque period, Strozzi has one of the largest surviving musical outputs of any early woman composer, rivaled perhaps only by Hildegard of Bingen, some 500 years her elder

http://www.barbarastrozzi.org/

Giovanni Gabrieli: Short bio of Gabrielli.

http://members.tripod.com/~Wolfgang5/GabrieliGiovanni.html

Giacomo Carissimi: Short bio.

http://members.tripod.com/~Wolfgang5/Carissimi.html

There are many other pages dedicated to individual composers. It is up to you to find them. These Web Sites were all in operation as of August 11, 2001. Dana Talley

Here are a few other useful pages:

http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/recorder/home.htm Recorders!.

http://freemusicnow.com/index2.htm?mp3signup Free Music.Com

http://www.freesheetmusic.net/ Free Music.net

http://www.musictheory.halifax.ns.ca/ Gary Ewer’s Music Theory

http://windowsmedia.com/radiotuner/default.asp Classical Radio Station finder.

http://www.uwm.edu/Library/Music/Sheet/mtoo.html Public Domain Sheet Music

http://classics.mit.edu/ Internet Classics Archive

http://www.wqxr.com/listen.html WQXR, NYC

http://www.music-scores.com/composers.htm Free Music Scores

http://www.nypl.org/catalogs/ New York Public Library

http://www.geocities.com/~spanoudi/poems/index.html Poet’s Corner